Abstract:Package managers are legion. Every programming language and operating system has its own solution, each with subtly different semantics for dependency resolution. This fragmentation prevents multilingual projects from expressing precise dependencies across language ecosystems; it leaves external system and hardware dependencies implicit and unversioned; it obscures security vulnerabilities that lie in the full dependency graph. We present the \textit{Package Calculus}, a formalism for dependency resolution that unifies the core semantics of diverse package managers. Through a series of formal reductions, we show how this core is expressive enough to model the diversity that real-world package managers employ in their dependency expression languages. By using the Package Calculus as the intermediate representation of dependencies, we enable translation between distinct package managers and resolution across ecosystems.
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。51吃瓜对此有专业解读
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确实如此。春节期间，我说了太多“不”。一些需要走访远房亲戚的场合，我要么早退，要么干脆拒绝前往。理由很简单：人已经够多，多我一个不多。去了也不过是当个吉祥物，换个地方玩手机，反而让自己不痛快。